Services

HHML

HEART & Heart Medical Laboratories

No. 267, Wenxue Road, Zuoying District, Kaohsiung City 813

(07) 972-1699 Ext. 178

L5% & ASCVD Risk

L5% and the Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

L5 is the most electronegative and harmful subclass of LDL.
With our patented technology, we can accurately analyze the percentage of L5 in LDL (L5%).

< 2%：Low risk

In individuals with LDL-C ≦ 190 mg/dL and without a history of cardiovascular disease or diabetes, an L5% value of < 2% indicates a low risk.

2-5%：Moderate to high risk

It is recommended to reassess the patient's overall risk factors and provide appropriate diagnostic tests and treatment as needed.

> 5%：High risk

Advanced diagnostic tests, such as treadmill testing, stress echocardiography, and, if necessary, coronary angiography are recommended.

> 8%：Imminent or occurring acute ischemic events

Timely implementation of advanced diagnostic and treatment measures is recommended.

> 10%：Occurring acute ischemic events

Urgent treatment is recommended.

L5, an electronegative lipoprotein, a subgroup of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), is considered the real "bad cholesterol." While normal LDL can be broken down and utilized by cells, the harmful lipids carried by L5 trigger inflammatory responses in blood vessels, leading to damage to endothelial cells. These damaged signals attract macrophages, forming plaques that accumulate within the vessel walls. Furthermore, the signals from the damage can also cause platelet aggregation, forming blood clots that block blood flow, reducing blood supply. If this occurs in the coronary arteries of the heart, it can result in a heart attack; if it occurs in cerebral blood vessels, it can lead to a stroke.

Services

Examination Fee

Advanced Cardiovascular Risk Assays NT 4500
Electronegative high-density lipoprotein relative quantification analysis (H5%) NT 4000
Electronegative low-density lipoprotein relative quantification analysis (L5%) NT 4000
Electronegative very low-density lipoprotein relative quantification analysis (V5%) NT 4000

Citation

[1] Chen, CH. et al. Low-density lipoprotein in hypercholesterolemic human plasma induces vascular endothelial cell apoptosis by inhibiting fibroblast growth factor 2 transcription. Circulation. 2003 ;107: 2102–2108.
[2] Chan, HC. et al. Highly electronegative LDL from patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction triggers platelet activation and aggregation. Blood. 2013;122(22):3632-41.
[3] Shen, MY. et al. Plasma L5 levels are elevated in ischemic stroke patients and enhance platelet activation and aggregation. Blood. 2016;127:1336-45.
[4] Chu, CS. et al. Range of L5 LDL levels in healthy adults and L5’s predictive power in patients with hyperlipidemia or coronary artery disease. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):11866.
[5] Kraler, S. et al. SPUM-ACS investigators. Low-density lipoprotein electronegativity and risk of death after acute coronary syndromes: A case-cohort analysis. Atherosclerosis. 2023;376:43-52.